Revolt, Reset, Repeat: The Protest Cycle of the Global South

Hope for meaningful change fuels youth-led protests across the Global South. Though portrayed as the dawn of a new era, these movements echo earlier waves of mobilization such as the 2011 Arab Spring and the 2019 demonstrations. While they briefly shake regimes, structural vulnerabilities and power vacuums often restore the status quo, sustaining a recurring cycle of rebellion and repression.

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The Speculation Arms Race: How Venture Capital is Creating Security Dilemmas Before Weapons Exist

In international relations, a security dilemma refers to a situation where a state’s increase in its capabilities – in technology or defence – is perceived as a threat by a rival, which spurs their own capabilities development, resulting in an arms race. Historically, this phenomenon has depended on government-funded research in both the public and private spheres, thereby facilitating the development of proven capabilities, such as a new form of weapon. Once proven, procurement and increased capabilities occur. Today, as countries race to develop their AI capabilities, venture capital speculation in defence technology is creating a security dilemma before capabilities actually exist, driven by market logic rather than strategic necessity. This article does not suggest that speculation replaces traditional security dilemmas, but rather that it introduces novel mechanisms —market signals and venture capital speculation —through which the same logic of reciprocal insecurity operates.

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Tunisia’s Autocratic Turn: A Putin-like Case of Economics and Authoritarianism

Tunisia, a nation heralded as the one true success story of the 2011 Arab Spring movement that saw pro-democracy protests erupt across the Middle East, has slid back to autocracy in recent years under President Kais Saied. Despite the sudden end of democratic freedoms, this transition has not been met with universal opposition. The public disaffiliation with democracy in Tunisia shows the importance of economic success in maintaining democratic values, and, along with other instances of democratic backsliding, can be studied to understand how democracy can persist despite economic shortcomings.

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Deconstructing Internal Trade Barriers: Can Provincial Governments Cooperate Effectively?

As Canada looks toward strengthening its economy in the wake of a decisive American tariff regime, the federal and provincial governments have turned their focus to removing barriers that impede domestic trade. This article will explore the barriers that exist, what can be done to remove them, and what effective provincial cooperation might look like.

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PM Carney’s Plan to Combat Crime

The criminal legislation of Prime Minister Carney’s (Nepean, ON) government intends to bolster the Criminal Code, with a slew of measures. This essay will focus on two key areas, namely: bail reform and consecutive sentencing. In addition, a case study will demonstrate how an old provision tabled by the Harper government aimed to enshrine consecutive sentencing into law, but was struck down by the Supreme Court of Canada. Lastly, this article will aim to explore the possible legal challenges that may arise, most specifically in regards to the presumption of innocence and charter rights, federal-provincial relations, and political as opposed to evidence-based legal justification.

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